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Multi-company Guidelines

As of version 13.0, a user can be logged in multiple companies at once. This allows the user to access information from multiple companies but also to create/edit records in a multi-company environment.

If not handled correctly, it may be the source of a lot of inconsistent multi-company behaviors. For instance, a user logged in both companies A and B could create a sales order in company A and add products belonging to company B to it. It is only when the user will log out from company B that access errors will occur for the sales order.

To correctly manage multi-company behaviors, Odoo’s ORM provides multiple features:

Company-dependent fields

When a record is available from multiple companies, we must expect that different values will be assigned to a given field depending on the company from which the value is set.

For the field of a same record to support several values, it must be defined with the attribute company_dependent set to True.

from odoo import api, fields, models

class Record(models.Model):
    _name = 'record.public'

    info = fields.Text()
    company_info = fields.Text(company_dependent=True)
    display_info = fields.Text(string='Infos', compute='_compute_display_info')

    @api.depends_context('force_company')
    def _compute_display_info(self):
        for record in self:
            record.display_info = record.info + record.company_info

When a company-dependent field is read, the current company is used to retrieve its value. In other words, if a user is logged in companies A and B with A as main company and creates a record for company B, the values of company-dependent fields will be that of company A.

To read the values of company-dependent fields set from another company than the current one, the context key force_company must be set to the ID of the desired company.

# Accessed as main company (self.env.company)
val = record.company_dependent_field

# Accessed as desired company (company_B)
val = record.with_context(force_company=company_B.id).company_dependent_field

Multi-company consistency

When a record is made shareable between several companies by the mean of a company_id field, we must take care that it cannot be linked to the record of another company through a relational field. For instance, we do not want to have a sales order and its invoice belonging to different companies.

To ensure this multi-company consistency, you must:

  • Set the class attribute _check_company_auto to True.
  • Define relational fields with the attribute check_company set to True if their model has a company_id field.

On each create() and write(), automatic checks will be triggered to ensure the multi-company consistency of the record.

from odoo import fields, models

class Record(models.Model):
    _name = 'record.shareable'
    _check_company_auto = True

    company_id = fields.Many2one('res.company')
    other_record_id = fields.Many2one('other.record', check_company=True)
Model._check_company(fnames=None)[source]

Check the companies of the values of the given field names.

Parameters
fnames (list) – names of relational fields to check
Raises
UserError – if the company_id of the value of any field is not in [False, self.company_id] (or self if res_company).

For res_users relational fields, verifies record company is in company_ids fields.

User with main company A, having access to company A and B, could be assigned or linked to records in company B.

Default company

When the field company_id is made required on a model, a good practice is to set a default company. It eases the setup flow for the user or even guarantees its validity when the company is hidden from the view. Indeed, the company is usually hidden if the user does not have access to multiple companies (i.e. when the user does not have the group base.group_multi_company).

from odoo import api, fields, models

class Record(models.Model):
    _name = 'record.restricted'
    _check_company_auto = True

    company_id = fields.Many2one(
        'res.company', required=True, default=lambda self: self.env.company
    )
    other_record_id = fields.Many2one('other.record', check_company=True)

Views

As stated in above, the company is usually hidden from the view if the user does not have access to multiple companies. This is tested with the group base.group_multi_company.

<record model="ir.ui.view" id="record_form_view">
    <field name="name">record.restricted.form</field>
    <field name="model">record.restricted</field>
    <field name="arch" type="xml">
        <form>
            <sheet>
                <group>
                    <group>
                        <field name="company_id" groups="base.group_multi_company"/>
                        <field name="other_record_id"/>
                    </group>
                </group>
            </sheet>
        </form>
    </field>
</record>

Security rules

When working with records shared across companies or restricted to a single company, we must take care that a user does not have access to records belonging to other companies.

This is achieved with security rules based on company_ids, which contains the current companies of the user (the companies the user checked in the multi-company widget).

<!-- Shareable Records -->
<record model="ir.rule" id="record_shared_company_rule">
    <field name="name">Shared Record: multi-company</field>
    <field name="model_id" ref="model_record_shared"/>
    <field name="global" eval="True"/>
    <field name="domain_force">
        ['|', ('company_id', '=', False), ('company_id', 'in', company_ids)]
    </field>
</record>

<!-- Company-restricted Records -->
<record model="ir.rule" id="record_restricted_company_rule">
    <field name="name">Restricted Record: multi-company</field>
    <field name="model_id" ref="model_record_restricted"/>
    <field name="global" eval="True"/>
    <field name="domain_force">
        [('company_id', 'in', company_ids)]
    </field>
</record>